PANCASILA-INTEGRATED ENTREPRENEURSHIP LEARNING AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION

Abstract

Values-based entrepreneurship learning may strengthen students' willingness to pursue entrepreneurship, but its effects should be distinguished from unmeasured ethical or behavioral outcomes. This study evaluated a Pancasila-integrated entrepreneurship learning intervention using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control-group design. Eighty students in two intact university classes were included (experimental group, n = 40; control group, n = 40); students were not individually randomized. The reported outcome was a self-reported entrepreneurial-intention score. Because individual-level data were unavailable, the revision reanalyzed the reported summary statistics through baseline comparison, paired changes, and a between-group Welch comparison of change scores, with confidence intervals and effect sizes. Pretest means were comparable (68.45 vs. 67.98; p = .754). Mean intention increased by 16.28 points in the experimental group and 5.56 points in the control group. The between-group difference in change was 10.72 points, 95% CI [7.33, 14.11], t(76.00) = 6.29, p < .001, Hedges' g = 1.39. Thus, exposure to the integrated condition was associated with a larger short-term increase in entrepreneurial intention. The study did not directly measure ethical awareness, social responsibility, entrepreneurial competence, or actual venture behavior; these remain proposed mechanisms and future outcomes rather than demonstrated effects.